In recent years, the rise in vehicle-related incidents in urban areas has heightened concerns about public safety. The requirement for pedestrian-friendly security measures has become increasingly evident due to both malicious actors and accidental crashes. This issue has been brought to the forefront by notable incidents in Australia, Europe and North America. Implementing inclusive city design is a suggested approach to creating an accessible and safe environment for all residents regardless of age, ability or socioeconomic status. However, this raises a critical question: How can cities implement Hostile Vehicle Mitigation (HVM) measures without compromising the accessibility and openness that make urban spaces vibrant and welcoming?

New Orleans' New Year Resolution

As populations expand the number of cars on the roads rises, making vehicle-related threats increasingly dangerous worldwide. This was highlighted by the recent vehicle attack in New Orleans on January 1, 2025, where a 42-year-old U.S. citizen from Texas drove a pickup truck into a crowd on Bourbon Street during New Year celebrations, resulting in 15 tragic deaths and at least 57 injuries (FBI,2025). Such incidents underscore the importance of implementing robust security measures to prevent hostile vehicle attacks from becoming a common threat.

In response to the January 1 vehicle attack, New Orleans has implemented extensive measures to mitigate the risk of similar incidents.

Hundreds of barricades were erected along a nearly 5km stretch of St. Charles Avenue in the French Quarter, forcing vehicles to navigate a serpentine course to slow down potential threats (ABC, 2025). Additionally, based on security assessment recommendations New Orleans has expanded pedestrian-only zones within the French Quarter, including Bourbon Street. One way they incorporated this was through the installation of a removable bollard system on Bourbon Street from Canal Street to St-Ann Street.

These stainless-steel bollards are designed to enhance security and manage traffic flow effectively. A bollard is a short, sturdy post that can be used to control or direct road traffic, typically installed to prevent vehicles from entering a specific area. The removable bollard system on Bourbon Street is particularly versatile as it allows the street to be closed off for pedestrian use during peak times or special events and then reopened for vehicular access when needed.

The bollards are equipped with a locking mechanism that secures them in place when deployed, ensuring they remain stable and effective in preventing unauthorised vehicle access. When removal is required, authorised personnel can unlock and remove the bollards, allowing for a seamless transition between pedestrian-only and vehicular zones. This system not only enhances the safety and security of the area but also provides flexibility in managing the flow of both pedestrian and vehicular traffic.

In practice, these measures align with widely recognized standards such as AS/NZS 3845.1:2015 and ASTM F2656-07, which provide guidelines and performance criteria for vehicle security barriers. These standards ensure that hostile vehicle mitigation measures are effective and integrated into the overall security strategy of a site.

However, can there be such a thing as being too secure? Will retail or hospitality customers feel welcomed when confronted with a formidable security structure right outside your shop or business? Hostile vehicle mitigation measures do not need to make urban spaces feel like fortresses; they need to act like it. Local Councils can implement multi-functional elements such as architectural planters or planter boxes to prevent malicious vehicle activity. For an example of this. Figure 1 illustrates an example of just how architectural planters can be used as a Hostile Vehicle Mitigation strategy.

These elements not only enhance the aesthetic appeal of urban spaces but also serve as effective HVM measures. The row of grey coloured planter boxes sprouting with vivid green trees works harmoniously against the backdrop of the hospital’s modern design, matching with a similar colour scheme. While everyday onlookers may not be aware of its security functions, it works seamlessly as a calming design aesthetic. This is achieved through a balance using trees as natural elements to create a calming atmosphere. This is particularly significant for hospitals, as patients, staff and families should feel a sense of security and ease at such places. Furthermore, incorporating features such as steps, sculptures, fountains and even designable seats and benches can serve as effective hostile vehicle mitigation methods as shown in Figure 2. These aesthetically pleasing yet functional elements allow cities to enhance safety without sacrificing the beauty of urban spaces.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the rise in vehicle-related incidents has highlighted the urgent need for pedestrian-friendly security measures in urban areas. This article demonstrates how effective HVM measures such as barricades and removable bollards can mitigate the risk of vehicle attacks while maintaining the vibrancy of urban spaces. Understanding the balance between security and accessibility is crucial for urban planners and policymakers. This approach not only protects pedestrians but also preserves the welcoming nature of urban environments. By prioritising both safety and inclusivity, cities can create spaces that are safe, accessible and enjoyable for all residents, regardless of age, ability or socioeconomic status.

References

1. “FBI Statement on the Attack in New Orleans.” FBI. https://www.fbi.gov/news/press-releases/fbi-statement-on-the-attack-in-new-orleans Accessed 7 Mar. 2025.
2. Hutchinson, B. “As New Orleans' Mardi Gras goes into full swing, security boosted to historic levels. ABC News.” https://abcnews.go.com/US/new-orleans-mardi-gras-full-swing-security-boosted/story?id=119158160 Accessed 7 Mar. 2025.